{"id":867,"date":"2021-01-07T18:31:25","date_gmt":"2021-01-07T17:31:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shtandart.xyz\/?page_id=867"},"modified":"2026-03-28T09:52:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T08:52:53","slug":"the-history-of-shtandart","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/shtandart.eu\/fr\/about-shtandart\/the-history-of-shtandart\/","title":{"rendered":"L'Histoire du Shtandart"},"content":{"rendered":"

L'Histoire de la fr\u00e9gate de 1703<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il y a 300 ans, sur ordre du Tsar Pierre le Grand et du gouverneur Menshikov, d\u00e9buta la construction des premiers navires russes pour la nouvelle Marine russe, dont le Shtandart devint le navire amiral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour \u00e9tablir des partenariats internationaux et acqu\u00e9rir une expertise dans la construction navale contemporaine et d\u2019autres industries, Pierre le Grand lan\u00e7a la Grande Ambassade en 1697. Le tsar Pierre et de jeunes sp\u00e9cialistes russes \u00e9tudi\u00e8rent aux Pays-Bas et en Angleterre pendant une ann\u00e9e enti\u00e8re, apprenant les meilleures techniques de construction navale de ces deux pays. En plus de rapporter technologies et innovations, Pierre engagea \u00e9galement 500 experts pour revenir avec lui en Russie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La construction de navires modernes pour la flotte de la Baltique commen\u00e7a en 1702-1703 sous la supervision personnelle du tsar et en utilisant les technologies les plus avanc\u00e9es de l\u2019\u00e9poque. Le premier navire lanc\u00e9 fut la fr\u00e9gate de 28 canons Shtandart \u2014 le vaisseau amiral de la nouvelle flotte baltique. Le Shtandart \u00e9tait magnifiquement d\u00e9cor\u00e9 et constituait un exemple int\u00e9ressant de combinaison des styles de construction navale hollandais et anglais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Shtandart servit dans la Baltique pendant 16 ans avant d\u2019\u00eatre d\u00e9sarm\u00e9 en 1719. Le tsar Pierre ordonna que la fr\u00e9gate soit pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e \u00e0 jamais comme le premier navire de la marine russe et comme un monument \u00e0 l\u2019art de la construction navale. Malheureusement, la pr\u00e9servation \u00e9choua et la fr\u00e9gate se d\u00e9t\u00e9riora au point de ne plus pouvoir \u00eatre r\u00e9par\u00e9e. L\u2019ancien Shtandart fut d\u00e9mont\u00e9 sur d\u00e9cret de l\u2019imp\u00e9ratrice Catherine : \u00ab En l\u2019honneur du nom donn\u00e9 par Sa Majest\u00e9 le tsar Pierre, le nouveau Shtandart doit \u00eatre construit \u00bb. Cependant, ce n\u2019est qu\u2019\u00e0 la fin du XX\u1d49 si\u00e8cle que ce d\u00e9cret fut enfin ex\u00e9cut\u00e9\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lire une histoire plus d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de l\u2019original<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

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L'Histoire de la construction de la r\u00e9plique<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tout a commenc\u00e9 avec le r\u00eave et l\u2019initiative d\u2019un petit groupe d\u2019amis \u2014 redonner vie au magnifique fregate Shtandart, non pas comme un mus\u00e9e statique, mais comme un navire pleinement op\u00e9rationnel. Le projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 coordonn\u00e9 par Vladimir Martus, qui est ensuite devenu le capitaine du navire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1988, l\u2019historien Viktor Krainukov fut charg\u00e9 par le mus\u00e9e de l\u2019Ermitage de collecter toutes les informations disponibles et de recr\u00e9er l\u2019apparence du Shtandart original sur une p\u00e9riode de trois ans. Ces plans techniques historiques ont servi de base pour concevoir le navire, mais des modifications importantes \u00e9taient n\u00e9cessaires : le nouveau Shtandart devait devenir un grand voilier enti\u00e8rement fonctionnel, r\u00e9pondant aux normes modernes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de confort. La partie historique au-dessus du pont des canons a \u00e9t\u00e9 recr\u00e9\u00e9e au plus pr\u00e8s de l\u2019original, et la cale a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9am\u00e9nag\u00e9e pour accueillir des installations modernes et la machinerie n\u00e9cessaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour acqu\u00e9rir de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience dans la construction navale historique et rassembler une \u00e9quipe motiv\u00e9e, Martus construisit une go\u00e9lette, le St. Peter, qui apparut plus tard dans Pirates des Cara\u00efbes. La vente du St. Peter permit \u00e9galement de financer les premi\u00e8res \u00e9tapes de la construction du Shtandart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La quille du nouveau Shtandart fut pos\u00e9e en 1994. Le chantier improvis\u00e9 sur les rives de la Neva attira de nombreux jeunes d\u00e9sireux d\u2019apprendre un m\u00e9tier presque oubli\u00e9 et de naviguer sur le navire qu\u2019ils contribuaient \u00e0 construire. Port\u00e9 par l\u2019enthousiasme des constructeurs, le projet prit de l\u2019ampleur et attira ensuite des sponsors locaux et internationaux, dont les ambassades des Pays-Bas et de Grande-Bretagne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La construction du Shtandart a dur\u00e9 un peu moins de six ans. Pendant cette p\u00e9riode, les jeunes romantiques sont devenus des sp\u00e9cialistes comp\u00e9tents, des professionnels et des artisans talentueux. L'\u00e9quipe a \u00e9lev\u00e9 son niveau de travail du stade amateur \u00e0 celui de professionnel.\nLe Shtandart fut lanc\u00e9 le 4 septembre 1999 devant environ 40 000 spectateurs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En juin 2000, le nouveau Shtandart a pris le large pour la toute premi\u00e8re fois ! Cette aventure a suivi les traces de la Grande Ambassade et a visit\u00e9 les pays et les villes o\u00f9, il y a plus de 300 ans, le jeune Pierre le Grand \u00e9tudiait l'art de la construction navale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suivant les r\u00eaves de Pierre le Grand, le Shtandart favorise les \u00e9changes entre cultures, forme des stagiaires venus de toute l\u2019Europe \u00e0 l\u2019art de la navigation traditionnelle et inspire les jeunes \u00e0 r\u00eaver grand et \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser leurs r\u00eaves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lire une histoire plus d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de la r\u00e9plique<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"\/<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

History of the original frigate Shtandart Tsar Peter the Great had a vision for Russia to nurture closer economic and cultural ties to Europe. He wanted to build trade connections over the Baltic Sea and needed a new navy to protect the trade routes. 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